Statistics showing that in-vehicle driver distraction is a major contributing cause in road accidents is presented. Driver distraction is defined building on the driving theory by Gibson and Crooks. The idea to use driver distraction countermeasures as a way of mitigating the effects of the driver distraction problem is then introduced. A requirement list is formulated with ten requirements that distraction countermeasures should meet. A simplification of regarding distraction as a gaze direction problem makes way for designing an experiment to evaluate two driver distraction countermeasures in which new eye- tracking technology plays a key role. The experiment also makes use of a simulator, a surrogate in-vehicle information system as a distractor, and thirty subjects…
Contents
INTRODUCTION
The epidemiology of driver distraction
The driver distraction concept
Driving
Distraction
Some remarks and a simplification
Understanding the distracted driver
An individual case
The psychological force to look on the road
Contention scheduling in attention
The countermeasure method to reduce in-vehicle distraction
Previous research
Countermeasure requirements
Distraction criterion
Hypotheses
Blue Flash
Brake Pulse
Methodological issues
Using an experiment
Using a simulator
Using eye-tracking equipment
Using a surrogate distractor: the S-IVIS (experiment distractor I)
Using an ecological distractor: the glove box paper fall-out (experiment distractor II)
Using an experimental distraction criterion
Using steering reaction and glance duration times as dependent measures 21
Using other elicitation techniques
METHOD
Equipment
The VTI simulator
The S-IVIS task distractor
The glove box distractor
The Smart Eye system and IDP
The Flash countermeasure
The Brake countermeasure
Subjects
Procedure
Pilot experiment
RESULTS
Glance duration time after condition
Steering reaction time
Glance duration times overall
Average glance times after gender and age
S-IVIS answers
Glove box distractor glance behavior
Questionnaire
Video recordings
DISCUSSION
Inefficient countermeasures
Methodological shortcomings
Glance duration time
Steering reaction time
Visual processing time
Missing data
Nuisance warnings
Insufficient distractors
Non-precise hypotheses
Lack of separation between the effect of the countermeasures and the
psychological force to look on the road
A comprehensive attention support system
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
Author: Karlsson, Rikard
Source: Linköping University
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