This thesis assesses the water quality of the River Nile around the city Khartoum in Khartoum State, Sudan Republic, and investigates eventual influences of the city on the River Nile by analysis of the following parameters: temperature, pH, and conductivity, and Adsorbable Organic Halogen (AOX), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), Total Organic Carbon(TOC) and Nitrate (NO3− ). A survey of the area is also included. It was concluded that the city Khartoum added small but legible concentrations of cadmium, lead, chromium and TOC to the river Nile. However, the resulting concentrations were all within acceptable levels. Also, the observed results showed that the Blue and White Nile, which merge together…
Contents
Introduction
Aim
Background
The river Nile
Khartoum city
Population
Pollution
Analysis
General parameters
Adsorbable organic halogen analysis (AOX)
Heavy metals
Nitrite and nitrate
Total Organic Carbon (TOC)
Materials and methods
Sampling
Cleaning the bottles
Sampling strategy
Sampling and storage
The analyses
Temperature
pH measurement
Conductivity
Ions
Heavy metals
Adsorbable organic halogens (AOX)
Total organic carbon (TOC)
Results and discussion
End Member Mixing Analysis (EMMA)
Temperature
pH
Conductivity
AOX
Total Organic Carbon (TOC)
Heavy Metals
Cadmium
Lead
Chromium
Ions
Comparisons
Summary and Conclusion
Future work
Reflections
References
Author: Bastway Mohammed, Omer Abdalrahim
Source: Linköping University
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