Acid mine drainage (AMD) is a phenomenon that occurs when pyrite that is present in abandoned coal mines comes in contact with oxygen and water, forming acidic water rich in dissolved metals. Grout injection into mines is a popular…
Author: Bulusu, Sowmya
Source: University of Maryland
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Contents
1. INTRODUCTION
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 REMEDIATION OF ACID MINE DRAINAGE
2.2 ALKALINE ADDITION
2.2.1 Active Systems
2.2.2 Passive Alkaline Addition Systems
2.3 SOURCE CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES
2.4 COAL COMBUSTION BY-PRODUCTS
2.4.1 Fly Ash
2.4.2 Bottom Ash
2.4.3 Boiler Slag
2.4.4 Flue Gas Desulfurization By-Product
2.4.5 Fluidized Bed Combustion By-Product
2.5 LIME KILN DUST / CEMENT KILN DUST
2.6 GROUT INJECTION
2.6.1 CCB-Grouts
2.7 SYNTHESIS AND MOTIVATION FOR CURRENT RESEARCH
3. WINDING RIDGE DEMONSTRATION PROJECT
3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.2 MATERIALS
3.3 METHODS
3.3.1 Laboratory Tests
3.3.2 Field Characterization
3.3.3 Sampling Locations
3.3.4 Injection Procedure and Post-Injection Monitoring
3.4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
3.4.1 Laboratory Tests
3.4.2 Selection of the Optimal Field Grout Mix
3.4.3 Post-Injection Monitoring
4. LABORATORY EVALUATION OF GEOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES
4.1 MATERIALS
4.1.1 Fly Ash / Bottom Ash mix
4.1.2 Fluidized Bed Combustion By-Product
4.1.3 Lime Kiln Dust
4.1.4 Pyrite
4.2 GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY TEST PLAN
4.3 SPREAD
4.4 SLUMP
4.5 BLEED
4.6 UNCONFINED COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
5. LABORATORY EVALUATION OF HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY AND LEACHING BEHAVIOR
5.1 INTRODUCTION
5.2 HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY
5.3 LEACHING PERFORMANCE
5.3.1 pH
5.3.2 Iron
5.3.3 Aluminum
5.3.4 Sulfate
5.3.5 Calcium
6. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
6.1 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
6.2 RECOMMENDATIONS
7. REFERENCES