The aim of this research (“Technical And Economic Feasibility Of Telerobotic On-Orbit Satellite Servicing”) is to devise an improved method for evaluating the technical and economic feasibility of telerobotic on-orbit satellite servicing scenarios. Past, present, and future telerobotic on-orbit…
Contents
1 Introduction
1.1 Motivations
1.1.1 On-Orbit Failures
1.1.2 Spacecraft Life Extension
1.1.3 Other Servicing Opportunities
1.1.4 Advancing Robotic Capabilities
1.1.5 New Launch Alternatives
1.2 Dissertation Overview
1.3 Contributions
2 Background
2.1 The Satellite Servicing Problem
2.1.1 Servicing Failures
2.1.2 Spacecraft Lifetime Extension
2.1.3 Other Services
2.2 A Brief History Of On-Orbit Servicing
2.2.1 Space Shuttle Based Satellite Servicing Missions
2.2.2 Satellite Self Rescues
2.2.3 Space Shuttle Based Servicing Technology Demonstrations
2.2.4 Other On-Orbit Servicing Technology Demonstrations
2.3 Future Servicing Technology Demonstrations
2.3.1 Future Servicing Technology Flight Missions
2.3.2 Dexterous Robotic Servicing Research Programs
2.4 Robotic Serviceability Of Satellites
2.4.1 Target Satellites
2.4.2 Servicers
3 Previous Satellite Servicing Economic Models
3.1 1981 – Manger
3.2 1981 – Vandenkerckhove
3.3 1985 – Vandenkerckhove
3.4 1989 – Yasaka
3.5 1992 – The INTEC Study
3.6 1994 – Newman
3.7 1996 – Hibbard
3.8 1998 – Davinic
3.9 1999 – Leisman
3.10 2001 – Lamassoure
3.11 2002 – McVey
3.12 2004 – Walton
3.13 Other Economic Studies
3.14 Cost Estimation Methods
3.15 Evaluation Of Previous Studies
3.15.1 Operational Uncertainty
3.15.2 Comprehensive Market Assessment
3.15.3 Decoupling Market Assessment From Servicer Design
4 A New Method To Evaluate Servicing Feasibility
4.1 Previous Servicing Decision Method
4.2 Expected Value Method
4.3 New Servicing Decision Method
4.4 Satellite Information Required For New Method
5 Database Development
5.1 Spacecraft Information Database
5.1.1 Spacecraft Identification Scheme
5.1.2 Sources
5.1.3 Fields
5.2 Database of On-Orbit Spacecraft Failures
5.2.1 Failures Identification Scheme
5.2.2 Sources
5.2.3 Fields
6 Satellite Trends
6.1 Commercial Geosynchronous Communications Satellites
6.2 Transponders Per Commercial Geosynchronous Communications Satel-lite
6.3 Total Commercial Geosynchronous Communications Satellite Transpon-ders
6.4 Bandwidth Per Transponder
6.5 Stabilization Of Commercial Geosynchronous Communication Satellites
6.6 Geosynchronous Communication Satellite Buses
6.7 Commercial Geosynchronous Communications Satellite Design Life
6.8 Bandwidth-Design Life Trends
6.9 Failure Rate
7 On-Orbit Servicing Opportunities
7.1 Launches And Payloads
7.2 Economic Impact Of On-Orbit Satellite Failures
7.3 Spacecraft Failure Servicing Opportunities
7.3.1 Wrong Orbit
7.3.2 Deployment Problems
7.3.3 Component Failures
7.3.4 Fuel Depletion
7.3.5 Other Failures
7.3.6 Spacecraft Family Anomalies
7.3.7 Failed Spacecraft Relocation
7.3.8 Observations Concerning Serviceable Failures
7.4 Spacecraft Lifetime Extension
7.4.1 Relocation
7.4.2 Refueling
7.4.3 Consumables Replenishment
7.4.4 Preventative Maintenance
7.4.5 Spacecraft Upgrade
7.4.6 Optical Surface Maintenance
7.5 Other Services
7.5.1 Inspection
7.5.2 Debris And Failed Spacecraft Relocation
7.6 Summary Of Opportunities
8 Expected Value Of Servicing Market Segments
8.1 Chance Node Probabilities
8.1.1 Launch Outcomes
8.1.2 Orbital Transfer Outcomes
8.1.3 Graveyard Transfer Outcomes
8.1.4 Deployment Outcomes
8.1.5 Docking Outcomes
8.1.6 Undocking Outcomes
8.1.7 Refueling Outcomes
8.1.8 Dexterous Repair Outcomes
8.2 Servicing Mission Expected Values
8.2.1 Retirement Maneuver
8.2.2 LEO to GEO Transfer
8.2.3 Relocate In GEO
8.2.4 Refuel
8.2.5 ORU-Like Replacement
8.2.6 General Repair
8.2.7 Deployment Assistance
8.2.8 Deployment Monitoring
8.2.9 Remove Inactive
8.2.10 Health Monitoring
8.3 Summary Of Servicing Mission Expected Values
8.4 Robotic Complexity
9 Demonstration Of The New Method
9.1 Servicer Description
9.2 Servicer Operations Concept
9.3 Application Of The New Feasibility Methodology
10 Conclusion
10.1 Results
10.1.1 Assessment Of Previous Studies
10.1.2 Identification Of Servicing Opportunities
10.1.3 Determination Of Expected Value Outcomes And Probabilities
10.1.4 Assessment Of Servicing Markets
10.1.5 Evaluation Of A Proposed Servicer
10.1.6 Parametric Analysis Of The Required Docking Success Rate
10.2 Contributions
10.2.1 Market Segment Selection
10.2.2 Operational Uncertainties
10.2.3 On-Orbit Failures By Type
10.2.4 Overall Servicing Market Characterization
10.2.5 Feasibility Demonstration
10.2.6 Determination Of Technology Performance Requirements
10.3 Recommendations
10.4 Final Summary
A Satellite Trends
A.1 Satellites By Market
A.2 Satellites By Orbit
A.3 Geosynchronous Satellite Lifetimes
B Geosynchronous Communications Satellite Revenues
C On-Orbit Satellite Failures
D Spacecraft Self-Rescues
E Satellite Orbital Information
E.1 NORAD Two-Line Element Set Format
E.2 Orbital Element Analysis Programs
E.2.1 ParseOIGdata
E.2.2 GEOlongs
E.2.3 MakePlotSpec
E.2.4 PlotMania
F Launch Costs To GEO
G Inflation Rates
H Database Sample Record
References
Author: Sullivan, Brook Rowland
Source: University of Maryland
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